IELTS Writing Task 2: Dạng bài Problem – Solution

Hôm nay, tất cả chúng ta học tập về một dạng bài khó nhằn trong Writing Task 2 đó chính là Problem – Solution .
Đây cũng là một trong những dạng bài hoàn toàn có thể Open trong bài thi IELTS Writing Task 2. Đối với dạng bài này, những bạn cần phải tranh luận về yếu tố thuộc một chủ đề đơn cử sau đó đưa ra những giải pháp để xử lý những yếu tố đó .

Các bạn xem lại bài học: Dạng bài Discussion Essay.

I. VIDEO BÀI GIẢNG

 

II. KIẾN THỨC HỌC TẬP

1. Xác định và phân tích câu hỏi

Dưới đây là 1 số ít ví dụ về những câu hỏi của dạng bài Problem và Solution

Ex1: Overpopulation of urban areas has led to numerous problems. Identify one or two serious ones and suggest ways that governments and individuals can tackle these problems.

Ex2:  Nowadays many people have access to computers on a wide basis and a large number of children play computer games. What are the negative impacts of playing computer games and what can be done to minimize the bad effects?

Ex3: The internet has transformed the way information is shared and consumed, but it has also created problems that did not exist before. What are the most serious problems associated with the internet and what solutions can you suggest?
  
Để phân tích đề bài, ta phải nắm được các yếu tố sau: 

• Keywords: thể hiện chủ đề lớn của bài viết
• Micro Keywords: khoanh vùng chủ đề của bài viết
• Instruction words: thể hiện yêu cầu của đề bài

Example:

Đề bài: Global warming is one of the one of the biggest threats human face in the 21st Century and sea levels are continuing at the alarming rates. What problems are associated with this and what are some possible solutions.

Keyword: global warming

• Micro Keywords: human, sea level rise
• Instruction words: problems, solutions

2. Khai triển ý

Khi đã nắm được nhu yếu của đề bài, tất cả chúng ta cần lập dàn ý để viết bài. Để có ý thật tốt đưa vào bài viết, những bạn cần phải vấn đáp những câu hỏi sau :

• What the problems are? – Vấn đề là gì?
• How you will explain them? – Giải thích cụ thể về vấn đề?
• What the effects are? – Tác động của vấn đề là gì?

Hãy tưởng tượng rằng tất cả chúng ta đang ngồi trò chuyện với bạn hữu về chủ để này và chắc rằng những bạn sẽ lập tức có 2,3 yếu tố của chủ đề này. Như vậy khi vào trong phòng thi, những bạn sẽ không bị áp lực đè nén và hoàn toàn có thể tiến hành ý một cách nhanh nhất .

Example:

The internet has transformed the way information is shared and consumed, but it has also created problems that did not exist before. What are the most serious problems associated with the internet and what solutions can you suggest ?

• Problem 1: Children can access potentially dangerous site
• Explanation 1: Pornography sites
• Effect 1: Affects thought & development – negative for children & society
• Problem 2: Growth of online fraud and hacking
• Explanation 2: Evident from the constant new stories
• Effect 2: Criminals get sensitive information

3. Cấu trúc làm bài 

Cũng như những dạng bài khác trong Writing Task 2, dạng bài Problem và Solutions gồm có 4 đoạn như sau :
Paragraph 1 : Introduction
Paragraph 2 : Problems
Paragraph 3 : Solutions
Paragraph 4 : Conclusion

Paragraph 1: Introduction – Mở bài

• Sentence 1: Paraphrase the question
• Sentence 2: Outline sentence

Các bạn nên nhớ trong dạng bài Problems và Solutions tất cả chúng ta không cần phải đưa Thes is Statement do tại câu hỏi của dạng bài này không nhu yếu tất cả chúng ta phải đưa quan điểm của bản thân mình. Tuy nhiên nếu như gặp đề bài nhu yếu đưa quan điểm thì những bạn cũng nên cho Thes is Statement nhé .

Example:

Question: Global warming is one of the biggest threats humans face in the 21st Century and sea levels are continuing to rise at alarming rates.

Paraphrased: Climate change is among the principal dangers facing people this century and ocean levels are increasing dramatically.

Outline: This essay will first suggest that the biggest problem caused by this phenomenon is the flooding of homes and then submit building flood protection as the most viable solution. 

Paragraph 2: Problems- Vấn đề

• Sentence 3: State problem
• Sentence 4: Explain what problem is
• Sentence 5: What is the result of this problem
• Sentence 6: Example

Example:

State problem: The foremost problem caused by climbing sea levels is the flooding of peoples’ residences.

Explain: Millions of people all over the world live in coastal areas and if the sea rises by even a few feet, they will be inundated with water and lose their property.

Result: Shelter is one of the most basic of human needs and widespread flooding would cause millions of people to become homeless, not to mention losing all of their possessions.

Example: The devastation brought about by widespread flooding was clear for all to see during the 2011 Tsunami in Japan, in which millions of people were displaced.

Paragraph 3: Solutions – Giải pháp

• Sentence 7: State solution
• Sentence 8: Explain how the solution will solve the problem
• Sentence 9: Example

Example:

State solution: A possible solution to this problem would be to build flood barriers.

Explain solution: Flood defences, such as dikes, dams, and floodgates, could be built along coasts and waterways, thereby stopping the water reaching populated areas.

Example: The Netherlands is one of the most populated areas in the world and also one of the most vulnerable to flooding and they have successfully employed various flood defence systems.

Paragraph 4: Conclusion- Kết luận

• Sentence 10: Summary of main points in paragraphs 2 and 3
• Sentence 11: Prediction or recommendation

Trong đoạn thân bài, tất cả chúng ta không cần đưa thêm ý nào mới nữa mà chỉ cần tóm lược lại những gì đã trình diễn trong phần thân bài .
Ngoài ra những bạn cũng hoàn toàn có thể đưa thêm Dự kiến ( prediction ) hoặc lời khuyên để kết thúc bài viết của mình .

Example:

Conclusion: To conclude, stemming the rising tides caused by increasing global temperatures is one of the foremost challenges we face and it will ultimately lead to many of the worlds’ cities being left underwater, but a possible solution could be to utilise the flood prevention techniques already used by countries like Holland.

Prediction: It is predicted that more and more countries will be forced to take such measures to avoid a watery catastrophe.

Sample:

Đề bài: The internet has transformed the way information is shared and consumed, but it has also created problems that did not exist before. What are the most serious problems associated with the internet and what solutions can you suggest?

Bài luận: The foremost problem caused by sea levels creeping up is the flooding of peoples’ residences. Millions of people all over the world live in coastal areas and if the sea rises by even a few feet, they will be inundated with water and lose their property. Shelter is one of the most basic of human needs and widespread flooding would cause millions of people to become homeless, not to mention losing all of their possessions. The devastation brought about by this was clear for all to see during the 2011 Tsunami in Japan, in which millions of people were displaced.Climate change is among the principal dangers facing people this century and ocean levels are increasing dramatically. This essay will first suggest that the biggest problem caused by this phenomenon is the flooding of homes and then submit building flood protection as the most viable solution.

A possible solution to this problem would be to build flood barriers. Flood defences, such as dikes, dams and floodgates,  could be built along coasts and waterways, thereby stopping the water reaching populated areas. The Netherlands is one of the most populated areas in the world and also one of the most vulnerable to flooding and they have successfully employed various flood defence systems.

To conclude, stemming the rising tides caused by increasing global temperatures is one of the foremost challenges we face and it will ultimately lead to many of the worlds ’ cities being left underwater, but a possible solution could be to utilise the flood prevention techniques already used by countries like Holland. It is predicted that more and more countries will be forced to take such measures to avoid a watery catastrophe .
( 298 words ) ( Nguồn : ieltsadvantage.com )

Như vậy là chúng ta đã hoàn thành bài học về dạng bài Problem – Solution. Hôm say, chúng ta sẽ học về dạng bài mới là Advantages & Disadvantages nhé!

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Category: Intenet